The History of Fenton Carnival Glass: A Legacy of Beauty
Carnival glass, with its iridescent sheen and vibrant colors, holds a special place in the hearts of glass collectors worldwide. While several American glass manufacturers produced this dazzling ware during its heyday (roughly 1907-1923), the name “Fenton” stands out as a particularly important and prolific producer. This article explores the history of Fenton Art Glass Company and its contribution to the carnival glass legacy.
The Rise of Fenton: A Family Affair
The Fenton Art Glass Company was founded in 1900 in Martins Ferry, Ohio, by brothers Frank L. Fenton and Amos I. Fenton. Initially, the company focused on producing pressed glass tableware and artware. It wasn't until 1907 that Fenton began experimenting with what would become known as carnival glass. The precise circumstances surrounding the introduction of carnival glass production remain somewhat shrouded in mystery, with stories of a visit to a European glass factory playing a role.
Early Years and the "Slag" Era (1907-1911)
The earliest Fenton carnival glass, often referred to as the "slag" era, is characterized by its relatively simple forms and distinctive iridescent finishes. The term "slag" originates from the use of iron oxide in the glass batch, which created a mottled, brownish-gold iridescence. Popular patterns from this early period include “Finger Tip” and “Blossoms.” Production was relatively limited in these first few years, making these early pieces particularly sought after by collectors today.
The Golden Age of Fenton Carnival Glass (1911-1919)
Following 1911, Fenton significantly increased its carnival glass production, ushering in a "golden age" characterized by more complex forms, bolder colors, and a wider variety of patterns. This era witnessed the introduction of many iconic Fenton carnival glass patterns, including “Iridescence,” “Grape and Wine,” “Waterfall,” and “Queen’s Gold.” The use of vibrant colors like ruby red, cobalt blue, and emerald green became increasingly common.
The Decline and Later Production (1919-1932)
The end of World War I brought about a decline in the demand for carnival glass, prompting many manufacturers to cease production. Fenton continued to produce carnival glass, but at a significantly reduced rate. This later period (1919-1932) saw a shift towards simpler forms and less elaborate finishes. Fewer colours and styles were produced.
Fenton's Enduring Legacy
Although carnival glass production ended at Fenton in 1932, the company’s legacy continues to resonate with collectors. Fenton’s consistent quality, beautiful designs, and wide range of patterns have made it one of the most recognizable and cherished names in carnival glass. The allure of these sparkling pieces endures, providing endless enjoyment for those who appreciate their unique beauty and historical significance.
